How does the hit/wound/save system work?

In games like Warhammer, you roll to hit (attacker skill), then to wound (weapon vs toughness), then the defender rolls to save (armour). Each step filters the number of dice. For example: 10 attacks hitting on 3+, wounding on 4+, saves on 5+ gives ~2.2 unsaved wounds on average.

Rolling 3+ means you need a 3, 4, 5, or 6 on a D6 to succeed — a 66.7% chance. Rolling 4+ is 50% (4, 5, or 6). Rolling 2+ is 83.3%. Rolling 6+ is only 16.7%.

Why are my actual results different from the averages?

These are statistical averages — expected values over many rolls. Individual dice rolls are random, so any single sequence can vary widely. With more dice, results tend to cluster closer to the average (law of large numbers).

How do re-rolls affect probability?

Re-rolling all failures effectively gives you: P(success) = 1 - (1 - P)^2. For hitting on 4+ (50%), re-rolling misses gives 75%. For hitting on 3+ (66.7%), re-rolls give 88.9%. Re-rolls are very powerful on low-probability rolls.

ModelCalcs

Dice Probability Calculator — Hit, Wound & Save

Calculate hit, wound and save probabilities for your dice rolls.

Number of Attacks

Hit Roll Target

Wound Roll Target

Save Roll Target

How We Calculate This

Chains the probability of each step (hit, wound, save) to calculate expected outcomes.

Formula

Hit probability = (7 - Hit target) / 6
Expected hits = Attacks x Hit probability
Expected wounds = Hits x Wound probability
Unsaved = Wounds x (1 - Save probability)

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify quantities before purchasing materials.